Variety Maang (Sino-Tibetan)

Form Concept Segments

Consonants

Pulmonic Consonants
Place → Labial Coronal Dorsal Laryngeal
↓ Manner Bilabial Labio­dental Linguo­labial Dental Alveolar Palato-
alveolar
Retroflex Alveolo-
palatal
Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal
/ Epiglottal
Glottal
Nasal m n ȵ ŋ
Stop p  b  t d  k g  q ʔ
Sibilant affricate tsʰ ts dz  tɕʰ
Non-sibilant affricate
Sibilant fricative s ʐ ʑ
Non-sibilant fricative v x ɣ h
Approximant l j ɰ
Flap or tap
Trill
Lateral affricate
Lateral fricative
Lateral approximant
Lateral flap
Implosive

Vowels

Front Near-front Central Near-back Back Close Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open iunrounded close front vowel retracted unrounded close front vowel urounded close back vowel ɯunrounded close back vowel retracted rounded close back vowel ɪunrounded near-close near-front vowel ɪ̠retracted unrounded near-close near-front vowel eunrounded close-mid front vowel retracted unrounded close-mid front vowel orounded close-mid back vowel nasalized rounded close-mid back vowel əunrounded mid central vowel ɔ̠retracted rounded open-mid back vowel ɔ̠̃retracted nasalized rounded open-mid back vowel ɔrounded open-mid back vowel aunrounded open front vowel retracted unrounded open front vowel nasalized unrounded open front vowel long unrounded open front vowel ɑunrounded open back vowel ɑ̠retracted unrounded open back vowel
Vowels

Other segments

               
Other segments
 ɑu from unrounded open back to rounded close back diphthong
 ³⁵ rising from-mid to-high tone
 w voiced labio-velar approximant consonant
 ⁴⁴ flat from-mid-high to-mid-high tone
 ²¹ falling from-mid-low to-low tone
 ³³ flat from-mid to-mid tone
 a̠i from retracted unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong
 ⁵⁵ flat from-high to-high tone
 e̠i from retracted unrounded close-mid front to unrounded close front diphthong
 ei from unrounded close-mid front to unrounded close front diphthong
 ɯ̠i from retracted unrounded close back to unrounded close front diphthong
 ai from unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong
 au from unrounded open front to rounded close back diphthong
 ɯi from unrounded close back to unrounded close front diphthong
 uɪ from rounded close back to unrounded near-close near-front diphthong
 əu from unrounded mid central to rounded close back diphthong