Variety Tuoluo (Sino-Tibetan)

Form Concept Segments

Consonants

Pulmonic Consonants
Place → Labial Coronal Dorsal Laryngeal
↓ Manner Bilabial Labio­dental Linguo­labial Dental Alveolar Palato-
alveolar
Retroflex Alveolo-
palatal
Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal
/ Epiglottal
Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Stop  p b  t  tʲʰ d k  g q 
Sibilant affricate ts tsʰ ʈʂ ʈʂʰ tɕʰ 
Non-sibilant affricate
Sibilant fricative s z ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ
Non-sibilant fricative f v x ɣ ʁ h
Approximant l j
Flap or tap
Trill
Lateral affricate
Lateral fricative
Lateral approximant
Lateral flap
Implosive

Vowels

Front Near-front Central Near-back Back Close Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open yrounded close front vowel iunrounded close front vowel nasalized unrounded close front vowel ʯrounded close with-friction central vowel ɯunrounded close back vowel urounded close back vowel ɯ̃nasalized unrounded close back vowel eunrounded close-mid front vowel nasalized unrounded close-mid front vowel orounded close-mid back vowel ə˞rhotacized unrounded mid central vowel ə̃˞rhotacized nasalized unrounded mid central vowel əunrounded mid central vowel ɛunrounded open-mid front vowel ɔrounded open-mid back vowel aunrounded open front vowel
Vowels

Other segments

              
Other segments
 ²² flat from-mid-low to-mid-low tone
 ³³ flat from-mid to-mid tone
 ⁴² falling from-mid-high to-mid-low tone
 ²¹ falling from-mid-low to-low tone
 w voiced labio-velar approximant consonant
 ³⁵ rising from-mid to-high tone
 ⁵⁵ flat from-high to-high tone
 ⁴ short from-mid-high tone
 ɥ voiced labio-palatal approximant consonant
 ⁴⁴ flat from-mid-high to-mid-high tone
 ⁰ short neutral tone
 ³ short from-mid tone
 ²⁵ rising from-mid-low to-high tone
 ¹²¹ contour from-low via-mid-low to-low tone
 ²⁴ rising from-mid-low to-mid-high tone