Form | Concept | Segments |
---|---|---|
Place → | Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | Laryngeal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
↓ Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Linguolabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palato- alveolar |
Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal |
Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal / Epiglottal |
Glottal | |||||||||||||
Nasal | m m̩ | n | ŋ ŋ̊ | ɴ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stop | p pʰ ˀp | tʰ t | d | kʰ k kˠʰ ˀkʰ kˠ | ʔ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant affricate | ts | tʃʰ tʃ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant fricative | sʰ ˀsʰ s | ʃ ʃʰ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant fricative | f | v | x | ɣ ɣʰ | h | |||||||||||||||||||||
Approximant | l | j | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flap or tap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trill | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral fricative | ɬ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral approximant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral flap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implosive |
ei | from unrounded close-mid front to unrounded close front diphthong |
aːi | from long unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong |
ai | from unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong |
ɓ | voiced bilabial implosive consonant |
ui | from rounded close back to unrounded close front diphthong |
ɗ | voiced dental implosive consonant |
ɨi | from unrounded close central to unrounded close front diphthong |
eːi | from long unrounded close-mid front to unrounded close front diphthong |
ɛʌ | from unrounded open-mid front to unrounded open-mid back diphthong |
ɔːi | from long rounded open-mid back to unrounded close front diphthong |
aːu | from long unrounded open front to rounded close back diphthong |
ou | from rounded close-mid back to rounded close back diphthong |
ɔu | from rounded open-mid back to rounded close back diphthong |
ɔi | from rounded open-mid back to unrounded close front diphthong |
əːi | from long unrounded mid central to unrounded close front diphthong |
iɛ | from unrounded close front to unrounded open-mid front diphthong |
ɛi | from unrounded open-mid front to unrounded close front diphthong |
uːi | from long rounded close back to unrounded close front diphthong |