Variety Sinitic_Xingning (Sino-Tibetan)

Form Concept Segments

Consonants

Pulmonic Consonants
Place → Labial Coronal Dorsal Laryngeal
↓ Manner Bilabial Labio­dental Linguo­labial Dental Alveolar Palato-
alveolar
Retroflex Alveolo-
palatal
Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal
/ Epiglottal
Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Stop p   t k  ʔʲ ʔ
Sibilant affricate ts tsʰ ʈʂ ʈʂʰ tɕʰ
Non-sibilant affricate
Sibilant fricative s ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ
Non-sibilant fricative f v h
Approximant l
Flap or tap
Trill
Lateral affricate
Lateral fricative
Lateral approximant
Lateral flap
Implosive

Vowels

Front Near-front Central Near-back Back Close Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open iunrounded close front vowel ʅunrounded close with-friction central vowel urounded close back vowel ɿunrounded close with-friction back vowel ɪunrounded near-close near-front vowel ʊrounded near-close near-back vowel eunrounded close-mid front vowel orounded close-mid back vowel ɛunrounded open-mid front vowel ɔrounded open-mid back vowel aunrounded open front vowel ɑunrounded open back vowel
Vowels

Other segments

            
Other segments
 ²⁴ rising from-mid-low to-mid-high tone
 ⁵⁵ flat from-high to-high tone
 ⁵³ falling from-high to-mid tone
 ³³ flat from-mid to-mid tone
 ²¹ falling from-mid-low to-low tone
 ⁴⁵ rising from-mid-high to-high tone
 ² short from-mid-low tone
 ⁵ short from-high tone
 ⁴⁴ flat from-mid-high to-mid-high tone
 ³⁵ rising from-mid to-high tone
 ³¹ falling from-mid to-low tone
 w voiced labio-velar approximant consonant
 iu from unrounded close front to rounded close back diphthong