Form | Concept | Segments |
---|---|---|
Place → | Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | Laryngeal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
↓ Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Linguolabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palato- alveolar |
Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal |
Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal / Epiglottal |
Glottal | |||||||||||||
Nasal | m | n nʲ | ŋ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Stop | p pʲ | b bʲ | t tʲ | d dʲ | k | g | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant affricate | tsʲ ts | tʃ tʃʲ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant fricative | s sʲ | z zʲ | ʑː | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant fricative | fʲ | x | ɣ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Approximant | l lʲ | j | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flap or tap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trill | r rʲ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral fricative | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral approximant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral flap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implosive |
iã | from unrounded close front to nasalized unrounded open front diphthong |
aɔ | from unrounded open front to rounded open-mid back diphthong |
ia | from unrounded close front to unrounded open front diphthong |
w | voiced labio-velar approximant consonant |
iə̃ | from unrounded close front to nasalized unrounded mid central diphthong |
iũ | from unrounded close front to nasalized rounded close back diphthong |
iə | from unrounded close front to unrounded mid central diphthong |
ai | from unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong |
iɔ | from unrounded close front to rounded open-mid back diphthong |
ui | from rounded close back to unrounded close front diphthong |
iu | from unrounded close front to rounded close back diphthong |
wʲ | palatalized voiced labio-velar approximant consonant |
uĩ | from rounded close back to nasalized unrounded close front diphthong |
əi | from unrounded mid central to unrounded close front diphthong |