Variety Tujia (Sino-Tibetan)

Form Concept Segments

Consonants

Pulmonic Consonants
Place → Labial Coronal Dorsal Laryngeal
↓ Manner Bilabial Labio­dental Linguo­labial Dental Alveolar Palato-
alveolar		 Retroflex Alveolo-
palatal		 Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal
/ Epiglottal		 Glottal
Nasal m n ȵ ɲ ŋ
Stop p pʰ tʰ t k kʰ
Sibilant affricate tsʰ ts tɕʰ tɕ
Non-sibilant affricate
Sibilant fricative s z ɕ
Non-sibilant fricative x ɣ
Approximant l j
Flap or tap
Trill
Lateral affricate
Lateral fricative
Lateral approximant
Lateral flap
Implosive

Vowels

Front Near-front Central Near-back Back Close Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open iunrounded close front vowel urounded close back vowel ɯunrounded close back vowel eunrounded close-mid front vowel orounded close-mid back vowel əunrounded mid central vowel aunrounded open front vowel
Vowels

Other segments

      
Other segments
 ³⁵ rising from-mid to-high tone
 ⁵⁵ flat from-high to-high tone
 ai from unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong
 ²¹ falling from-mid-low to-low tone
 ⁵³ falling from-high to-mid tone
 w voiced labio-velar approximant consonant
 au from unrounded open front to rounded close back diphthong