Variety Jiongnai (Hmong-Mien)

Form Concept Segments

Consonants

Pulmonic Consonants
Place → Labial Coronal Dorsal Laryngeal
↓ Manner Bilabial Labio­dental Linguo­labial Dental Alveolar Palato-
alveolar
Retroflex Alveolo-
palatal
Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal
/ Epiglottal
Glottal
Nasal m  n   ŋ ŋ̍ ŋ̊
Stop ⁿp p ⁿpʰ  ⁿt t  ⁿtʰ ⁿk k  ⁿkʰ ʔ
Sibilant affricate  ⁿtʃ tʃʰ ⁿtʃʰ
Non-sibilant affricate
Sibilant fricative s ʃ
Non-sibilant fricative f θ ð h
Approximant l j
Flap or tap
Trill
Lateral affricate
Lateral fricative ɬ
Lateral approximant
Lateral flap
Implosive

Vowels

Front Near-front Central Near-back Back Close Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open iunrounded close front vowel urounded close back vowel eunrounded close-mid front vowel orounded close-mid back vowel əunrounded mid central vowel ɔrounded open-mid back vowel aunrounded open front vowel ɒrounded open back vowel
Vowels

Other segments

                 
Other segments
 w voiced labio-velar approximant consonant
 ³³ flat from-mid to-mid tone
 ¹¹ flat from-low to-low tone
 ³⁵ rising from-mid to-high tone
 ⁴⁴ flat from-mid-high to-mid-high tone
 ⁵⁵ flat from-high to-high tone
 ai from unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong
 ³¹ falling from-mid to-low tone
 au from unrounded open front to rounded close back diphthong
 ei from unrounded close-mid front to unrounded close front diphthong
 ⁵³ falling from-high to-mid tone
 əu from unrounded mid central to rounded close back diphthong
 ¹² rising from-low to-mid-low tone
 ɒi from rounded open back to unrounded close front diphthong
 ʍ voiceless labio-velar approximant consonant
 eu from unrounded close-mid front to rounded close back diphthong
 ui from rounded close back to unrounded close front diphthong
 oi from rounded close-mid back to unrounded close front diphthong