Form | Concept | Segments |
---|---|---|
Place → | Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | Laryngeal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
↓ Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Linguolabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palato- alveolar |
Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal |
Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal / Epiglottal |
Glottal | |||||||||||||
Nasal | m | n | ȵ | ŋ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stop | p | ˀb | t | ˀd | k | ʔ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant affricate | tɕʰ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant fricative | s | ɕ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant fricative | f | ɣ | h | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Approximant | ʋ | l | j | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Flap or tap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trill | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral fricative | ɬ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral approximant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral flap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implosive |
⁵⁵ | flat from-high to-high tone |
eu | from unrounded close-mid front to rounded close back diphthong |
⁴⁵³ | contour from-mid-high via-high to-mid tone |
əi | from unrounded mid central to unrounded close front diphthong |
⁴⁴ | flat from-mid-high to-mid-high tone |
w | voiced labio-velar approximant consonant |
³⁴ | rising from-mid to-mid-high tone |
³² | falling from-mid to-mid-low tone |
⁴⁵ | rising from-mid-high to-high tone |
əɯ | from unrounded mid central to unrounded close back diphthong |
³⁴³ | contour from-mid via-mid-high to-mid tone |
³¹³ | contour from-mid via-low to-mid tone |
⁴² | falling from-mid-high to-mid-low tone |
oɜ | from rounded close-mid back to unrounded open-mid central diphthong |
ai | from unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong |
aɯ | from unrounded open front to unrounded close back diphthong |
ɛi | from unrounded open-mid front to unrounded close front diphthong |
ou | from rounded close-mid back to rounded close back diphthong |
²² | flat from-mid-low to-mid-low tone |
³³ | flat from-mid to-mid tone |
oa | from rounded close-mid back to unrounded open front diphthong |
aːi | from long unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong |
²³ | rising from-mid-low to-mid tone |
ea | from unrounded close-mid front to unrounded open front diphthong |
aːu | from long unrounded open front to rounded close back diphthong |
au | from unrounded open front to rounded close back diphthong |
²¹ | falling from-mid-low to-low tone |
ɔːi | from long rounded open-mid back to unrounded close front diphthong |
³⁵ | rising from-mid to-high tone |