Form | Concept | Segments |
---|---|---|
Place → | Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | Laryngeal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
↓ Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Linguolabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palato- alveolar |
Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal |
Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal / Epiglottal |
Glottal | |||||||||||||
Nasal | m | n | ȵ | ŋ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stop | p | ˀb | t | ˀd | k | ʔ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant affricate | tɕ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant fricative | ɕ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant fricative | f | θ | ð | h | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Approximant | ʋ | l | j | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Flap or tap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trill | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral fricative | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral approximant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral flap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implosive |
ɛːu | from long unrounded open-mid front to rounded close back diphthong |
⁵³ | falling from-high to-mid tone |
²² | flat from-mid-low to-mid-low tone |
⁵⁵ | flat from-high to-high tone |
ɜi | from unrounded open-mid central to unrounded close front diphthong |
⁴⁴ | flat from-mid-high to-mid-high tone |
w | voiced labio-velar approximant consonant |
²³ | rising from-mid-low to-mid tone |
⁴³³ | falling from-mid-high via-mid to-mid tone |
²³¹ | contour from-mid-low via-mid to-low tone |
ou | from rounded close-mid back to rounded close back diphthong |
²¹ | falling from-mid-low to-low tone |
əɯ | from unrounded mid central to unrounded close back diphthong |
³⁴¹ | contour from-mid via-mid-high to-low tone |
²¹⁴ | contour from-mid-low via-low to-mid-high tone |
oɐ | from rounded close-mid back to unrounded near-open central diphthong |
³¹ | falling from-mid to-low tone |
ei | from unrounded close-mid front to unrounded close front diphthong |
³⁴ | rising from-mid to-mid-high tone |
ea | from unrounded close-mid front to unrounded open front diphthong |
⁴³ | falling from-mid-high to-mid tone |
oɜ | from rounded close-mid back to unrounded open-mid central diphthong |
aːi | from long unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong |
eɜ | from unrounded close-mid front to unrounded open-mid central diphthong |
aːu | from long unrounded open front to rounded close back diphthong |
ɐu | from unrounded near-open central to rounded close back diphthong |
uːi | from long rounded close back to unrounded close front diphthong |
³² | falling from-mid to-mid-low tone |
oːi | from long rounded close-mid back to unrounded close front diphthong |
iːu | from long unrounded close front to rounded close back diphthong |
eə | from unrounded close-mid front to unrounded mid central diphthong |
⁴⁵ | rising from-mid-high to-high tone |
ɔɜ | from rounded open-mid back to unrounded open-mid central diphthong |
³³ | flat from-mid to-mid tone |
ɛu | from unrounded open-mid front to rounded close back diphthong |