Form | Concept | Segments |
---|---|---|
Place → | Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | Laryngeal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
↓ Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Linguolabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palato- alveolar |
Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal |
Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal / Epiglottal |
Glottal | |||||||||||||
Nasal | m m̩ | n | ŋ̍ ŋ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Stop | p pʰ | b | t tʰ | kʰ k | g | ʔ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant affricate | ts tsʰ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant fricative | s | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant fricative | h | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Approximant | l | j | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flap or tap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trill | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral fricative | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral approximant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral flap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implosive |
³³ | flat from-mid to-mid tone |
au | from unrounded open front to rounded close back diphthong |
⁵¹ | falling from-high to-low tone |
²⁴ | rising from-mid-low to-mid-high tone |
w | voiced labio-velar approximant consonant |
⁵ | short from-high tone |
¹¹ | flat from-low to-low tone |
ai | from unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong |
⁵⁵ | flat from-high to-high tone |
³² | falling from-mid to-mid-low tone |
ãi | from nasalized unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong |
ãu | from nasalized unrounded open front to rounded close back diphthong |
⁴² | falling from-mid-high to-mid-low tone |
ũi | from nasalized rounded close back to unrounded close front diphthong |
ɐu | from unrounded near-open central to rounded close back diphthong |
²³ | rising from-mid-low to-mid tone |
⁵² | falling from-high to-mid-low tone |
²¹³ | contour from-mid-low via-low to-mid tone |
⁴⁴ | flat from-mid-high to-mid-high tone |
⁴ | short from-mid-high tone |