Form | Concept | Segments |
---|---|---|
Place → | Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | Laryngeal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
↓ Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Linguolabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palato- alveolar |
Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal |
Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal / Epiglottal |
Glottal | |||||||||||||
Nasal | m m̩ | n | ȵ | ŋ ŋ̍ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stop | p pʰ | tʰ t | k kʰ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant affricate | tsʰ ts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibilant fricative | s | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-sibilant fricative | f | v | h | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Approximant | l | j | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flap or tap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trill | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral affricate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral fricative | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral approximant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lateral flap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implosive |
¹² | rising from-low to-mid-low tone |
⁴⁴ | flat from-mid-high to-mid-high tone |
⁴ | short from-mid-high tone |
ai | from unrounded open front to unrounded close front diphthong |
⁴² | falling from-mid-high to-mid-low tone |
ɛu | from unrounded open-mid front to rounded close back diphthong |
³¹ | falling from-mid to-low tone |
²¹ | falling from-mid-low to-low tone |
⁰ | short neutral tone |
ɔi | from rounded open-mid back to unrounded close front diphthong |
w | voiced labio-velar approximant consonant |
au | from unrounded open front to rounded close back diphthong |
iu | from unrounded close front to rounded close back diphthong |
ɛa | from unrounded open-mid front to unrounded open front diphthong |
²⁴ | rising from-mid-low to-mid-high tone |